1. extrovert
► noun
a lively and confident person who enjoys being with other people; a social person: Mr. Stein hired Robert to greet and chat with her clients because he's such an extrovert.
2. introvert
► noun
a quiet person who is more interested in their own thoughts and feelings than in spending time with other people: He was described as an introvert, a reserved man who spoke little.
3. elation
► noun
a feeling of great happiness and excitement: She felt a great sense of elation as she started on the journey.
4. shun
► noun
to avoid somebody/something; to keep away from
She was shunned by her family when she remarried.
an actor who shuns publicity
5. credible
► adjective
that can be believed or trusted. SYNONYM convincing:
a credible explanation/witness
It is just not credible that she would cheat.
6. adamant
► adjective
refusing to be persuaded or to change one's mind: he is adamant that he is not going to resign. (Oxford)
7. plagiarism
► noun
the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own. (Oxford)
There were accusations of plagiarism.
a text full of plagiarisms
8. engross
► verb
(often be engrossed in) absorb all the attention or interest of: they seemed to be engrossed in conversation. the notes totally engrossed him |
[as adj.] (engrossing) the most engrossing parts of the book.
(archaic) gain or keep exclusive possession of. (Oxford)
9. succinct
► adjective
(especially of something written or spoken) briefly and clearly expressed: use short, succinct sentences. (Oxford)
10. concurrent
► adjective
happening or existing at the same time: The judge imposed concurrent sentences totaling 14 years for the attacks on the girls.
11. complacent
► adjective
complacent (about somebody/something) (usually disapproving)
too satisfied with yourself or with a situation, so that you do not feel that any change is necessary; showing or feeling complacency
a dangerously complacent attitude to the increase in unemployment
We must not become complacent about progress.
12. deplete
► [usually passive] deplete something (formal)
to reduce something by a large amount so that there is not enough left; to use up
Food supplies were severely depleted.
13. Paradox
► noun
A. a person, thing or situation that has two opposite features and therefore seems strange
He was a paradox—a loner who loved to chat to strangers.
It is a curious paradox that professional comedians often have unhappy personal lives.
B. a statement containing two opposite ideas that make it seem impossible or unlikely, although it is probably true; a seemingly contradiction.
‘More haste, less speed’ is a well-known paradox.
It's a work full of paradox and ambiguity.
14. explicit
► adjective
A. (of a statement or piece of writing) clear and easy to understand
He gave me very explicit directions on how to get there.
B. (of a person) saying something clearly, exactly and openly. SYNONYM frank.
She was quite explicit about why she had left.
C. said, done or shown in an open or direct way, so that you have no doubt about what is happening:
The reasons for the decision should be made explicit.
She made some very explicit references to my personal life.
15. render
► verb
render somebody/something + adjective (formal)
to cause somebody/something to be in a particular state or condition
SYNONYM make
to render something harmless/useless/ineffective
Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.
16. complaisant
► noun
a lively and confident person who enjoys being with other people; a social person: Mr. Stein hired Robert to greet and chat with her clients because he's such an extrovert.
2. introvert
► noun
a quiet person who is more interested in their own thoughts and feelings than in spending time with other people: He was described as an introvert, a reserved man who spoke little.
3. elation
► noun
a feeling of great happiness and excitement: She felt a great sense of elation as she started on the journey.
4. shun
► noun
to avoid somebody/something; to keep away from
She was shunned by her family when she remarried.
an actor who shuns publicity
5. credible
► adjective
that can be believed or trusted. SYNONYM convincing:
a credible explanation/witness
It is just not credible that she would cheat.
6. adamant
► adjective
refusing to be persuaded or to change one's mind: he is adamant that he is not going to resign. (Oxford)
7. plagiarism
► noun
the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own. (Oxford)
There were accusations of plagiarism.
a text full of plagiarisms
8. engross
► verb
(often be engrossed in) absorb all the attention or interest of: they seemed to be engrossed in conversation. the notes totally engrossed him |
[as adj.] (engrossing) the most engrossing parts of the book.
(archaic) gain or keep exclusive possession of. (Oxford)
9. succinct
► adjective
(especially of something written or spoken) briefly and clearly expressed: use short, succinct sentences. (Oxford)
10. concurrent
► adjective
happening or existing at the same time: The judge imposed concurrent sentences totaling 14 years for the attacks on the girls.
11. complacent
► adjective
complacent (about somebody/something) (usually disapproving)
too satisfied with yourself or with a situation, so that you do not feel that any change is necessary; showing or feeling complacency
a dangerously complacent attitude to the increase in unemployment
We must not become complacent about progress.
12. deplete
► [usually passive] deplete something (formal)
to reduce something by a large amount so that there is not enough left; to use up
Food supplies were severely depleted.
13. Paradox
► noun
A. a person, thing or situation that has two opposite features and therefore seems strange
He was a paradox—a loner who loved to chat to strangers.
It is a curious paradox that professional comedians often have unhappy personal lives.
B. a statement containing two opposite ideas that make it seem impossible or unlikely, although it is probably true; a seemingly contradiction.
‘More haste, less speed’ is a well-known paradox.
It's a work full of paradox and ambiguity.
14. explicit
► adjective
A. (of a statement or piece of writing) clear and easy to understand
He gave me very explicit directions on how to get there.
B. (of a person) saying something clearly, exactly and openly. SYNONYM frank.
She was quite explicit about why she had left.
C. said, done or shown in an open or direct way, so that you have no doubt about what is happening:
The reasons for the decision should be made explicit.
She made some very explicit references to my personal life.
15. render
► verb
render somebody/something + adjective (formal)
to cause somebody/something to be in a particular state or condition
SYNONYM make
to render something harmless/useless/ineffective
Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.
16. complaisant
►
adjective
willing
to please; tending to consent to other’s wishes
Every
employee at the state agency acts in an admirable, complaisant way. (601 words)
17.
debonair
► adjective
courteous,
gracious and having a sophisticated charm; suave urbane.
He
impressed the neighbors with his debonair appearance.
18.
avaricious
►
adjective
excessively
greedy
He
is an avaricious employer.
19.
congenial
►
adjective
(of a person) pleasing or liked
on account of having qualities or interests that are similar to one’s own: his
need for some congenial company.
(of a thing) pleasant or
agreeable because suited to one’s taste or inclination: he went back to a
climate more congenial to his cold stony soul. (Oxford)
20.
flippant
► adjective
21. perception
► noun
the ability to see, hear, or
become aware of something through the senses: the normal limits to human
perception
22. steadfast
► adjective
staying the same for a long time and not changing quickly or unexpectedly: a steadfast friend. .The group remained steadfast in its support for the new system, even when it was criticized in the newspapers. (Cambridge)
23. stoutly
► adverb
in a firm and determined way: They have stoutly denied the recent rumours that there are problems with their marriage. (Cambridge)
24. revelation
► noun
the act of making something known that was secret, or a fact that
is made known: a moment of revelation[+ that] His wife divorced him after the revelation that he was
having an affair. Shocking revelations about their private life appeared in the papers. (Cambridge)
25. aerobics
► noun
energetic physical exercises, often performed with a group of people to music, that make the heart, lungs, and muscles stronger and increase the amount of oxygen in the blood: She does aerobics. I go to aerobics (= to a class where we are taught such exercises) once a week.an aerobics instructor/ teacher. (Cambridge)
energetic physical exercises, often performed with a group of people to music, that make the heart, lungs, and muscles stronger and increase the amount of oxygen in the blood: She does aerobics. I go to aerobics (= to a class where we are taught such exercises) once a week.an aerobics instructor/ teacher. (Cambridge)
26. severe
► adjective
a. harsh; unnecessarily extreme: severe criticism; severe laws.
b. serious or stern in manner or appearance: a severe face.
c. grave; critical: a severe illness.
d. rigidly restrained in style, taste, manner, etc.; simple, plain, or austere.
e. causing discomfort or distress by extreme character or conditions, as weather, cold, or heat; unpleasantly violent, as rain or wind, or a blow or shock.
27. dissent
► verb
1. to differ in sentiment or opinion, especially from the majority; withhold assent; disagree (often followed by from ): Two of the justices dissented from the majority decision.
2. to disagree with the methods, goals, etc., of a political party or government; take an opposing view.
3. to disagree with or reject the doctrines or authority of an established church.
28. fugacious
► adjective
fleeting; transitory: a sensational story with but a fugacious claim on the public's attention.
29. exigent
► adjective
requiring immediate action or aid; urgent; pressing.
30. adduce
► verb
to bring forward in argument or as evidence; cite as pertinent or conclusive: to adduce reasons in support of a constitutional amendment
31. ensue
► verb
a. to follow in order; come
afterward, especially in immediate succession: As the days ensued, he recovered
his strength.
b. to follow as a consequence;
result: When those two friends meet, a battle of wits ensues.
32. equable = steady = temperate
►noun
a. always being pleasant: Graham
has a fairly equable temperament - I haven't often seen him really angry.
b. Patient and uncomplaining› not changing
suddenly: The south of the country enjoys an equable climate.
33. affectation
► noun
a. Behavior or speech that is not sincere:
She has so many little affectations.
b. His manner reeks of
affectation. "It doesn't concern me," he said with an affectation of nonchalance.
34. conscientious = straightforward
► adjective
a. controlled by or done according
to one's inner sense of what is right; governed by conscience; principled: a
conscientious judge.
b. careful and painstaking;
particular; meticulous; scrupulous: conscientious application to the work at
hand.
35. divulge = expose
►verb
to disclose or reveal (something private, secret, or previously unknown).
to disclose or reveal (something private, secret, or previously unknown).
36.
effectual = effective
► adjective
a. producing or capable of producing an intended effect; adequate.
b. valid or binding, as an agreement or document.
a. producing or capable of producing an intended effect; adequate.
b. valid or binding, as an agreement or document.
37.
accumulate
► verb
verb (used with object)
to gather or collect, often in gradual degrees; heap up: to accumulate wealth.
verb (used without object)
to gather into a heap, mass, cover, etc.; form a steadily increasing quantity: Snow accumulated in the driveway. His debts kept on accumulating.
verb (used with object)
to gather or collect, often in gradual degrees; heap up: to accumulate wealth.
verb (used without object)
to gather into a heap, mass, cover, etc.; form a steadily increasing quantity: Snow accumulated in the driveway. His debts kept on accumulating.
38.
assort = classify
►verb
verb (used with object)
a. to distribute, place, or arrange according to kind or class; classify; sort.
b. to furnish with a suitable assortment or variety of goods; make up of articles likely to suit a demand.
c. Archaic. to group with others of the same or similar kind; connect or identify as of a similar class; associate (usually followed by with). verb (used without object)
a. to agree in sort or kind; be matched or suited.
b. to associate; consort.
verb (used with object)
a. to distribute, place, or arrange according to kind or class; classify; sort.
b. to furnish with a suitable assortment or variety of goods; make up of articles likely to suit a demand.
c. Archaic. to group with others of the same or similar kind; connect or identify as of a similar class; associate (usually followed by with). verb (used without object)
a. to agree in sort or kind; be matched or suited.
b. to associate; consort.
39.
assuage = appease = smooth
► verb
a. to make milder or less severe; relieve; ease; mitigate: to assuage one's grief; to assuage one's pain.
b. to appease; satisfy; allay; relieve: to assuage one's hunger.
c. to soothe, calm, or mollify: to assuage his fears; to assuage her anger.
a. to make milder or less severe; relieve; ease; mitigate: to assuage one's grief; to assuage one's pain.
b. to appease; satisfy; allay; relieve: to assuage one's hunger.
c. to soothe, calm, or mollify: to assuage his fears; to assuage her anger.
40.
benevolent = kindhearted
► adjective
a. characterized by or expressing goodwill or kindly feelings: a benevolent attitude; her benevolent smile.
b. desiring to help others; charitable: gifts from several benevolent alumni.
c. intended for benefits rather than profit: a benevolent institution.
a. characterized by or expressing goodwill or kindly feelings: a benevolent attitude; her benevolent smile.
b. desiring to help others; charitable: gifts from several benevolent alumni.
c. intended for benefits rather than profit: a benevolent institution.
41. aforementioned =
42. aforesaid 前述的 (write two words)
► adjective
Mentioned earlier: The aforementioned
material has been sent to you.
43. superfluous =
44. excessive =
45. redundant 多餘的, 不必要的 (write three words)
44. excessive =
45. redundant 多餘的, 不必要的 (write three words)
► adjective
More than is needed and wanted: He had already
been told , so our comments were superfluous .
46. coincidence [U] 巧合、一致
► noun
a.
an occasion when two or more similar
things happen at the same time, especially in a way that is unlikely and surprising:
You chose exactly the same wallpaper as us - what a coincidence!
b.
chance or luck: By some strange
coincidence, he was passing the house just when it happened.
(Cambridge)
47. extemporaneous =
48. impromptu =
49. improvised 即席、臨時做成的 (write three words)
48. impromptu =
49. improvised 即席、臨時做成的 (write three words)
► Adjective
Don’t or said without any preparation or
thought: an extemporaneous speech.
50. perspire 流汗
► Verb
to pass sweat through the skin because you
are hot, ill, or frightened: It was so hot when we arrived in Tripoli that we started
to sweat as soon as we got off the plane.The prisoners were sweating with fear.
51. disparage 貶抑、毀謗、輕視
►verb
a. to
speak of or treat slightingly; depreciate; belittle: Do not disparage good
manners.
b. to
bring reproach or discredit upon; lower the estimation of: Your behavior will disparage
the whole family. (Dictionary.com)
52. preposterous 荒謬、反理性
►adjective
contrary to reason or common
sense; utterly absurd or ridiculous: a preposterous suggestion (Oxford
Dictionary)
53. discrepancy 矛盾、不同
►noun
a. the
state or quality of being discrepant; difference; inconsistency.
b. an
instance of difference or inconsistency: There are certain discrepancies
between the two versions of the story. (Dictionary.com)
54. delirious 狂喜
►adjective
wild
with excitement,
enthusiasm,
etc.: She was delirious
with joy at the news.
(Dictionary.com)
55. contaminate 汙染
►verb
a. to make impure or unsuitable by contact or mixture with something unclean, bad, etc.: to contaminate a lake with sewage. (Dictionary.com)
b. to render harmful or unusable by adding radioactive material to: to contaminate a laboratory.
56. Substantiate =
57. confirm =
58. corroborate 證實、加強
► Verb
provide evidence to support or prove the truth of: they had found nothing to substantiate the allegations (Oxford)
59. immaculate潔淨的, 無污垢的，無過失的, 清白無辜的
► adjective
a. perfectly clean, neat, or tidy: an immaculate white suit
b. free from flaws or mistakes; perfect: an immaculate safety record
c. Theology (in the Roman Catholic Church) free from sin. (Oxford)
a. perfectly clean, neat, or tidy: an immaculate white suit
b. free from flaws or mistakes; perfect: an immaculate safety record
c. Theology (in the Roman Catholic Church) free from sin. (Oxford)
60. Elastic有彈性的, 有彈力的靈活的
► adjective
a. (of an object or material) able to resume its normal shape spontaneously after being stretched or compressed: a tourniquet of rubber tubing or other elastic material is placed around the upper arm
b. able to encompass much variety and change; flexible and adaptable:the definition of nationality is elastic in this cosmopolitan country
c. Economics (of demand or supply) sensitive to changes in price or income: the labour supply is very elastic
d. Physics (of a collision) involving no decrease of kinetic energy. (Oxford)
61. incredulous 不相信、懷疑
► adjective
(of a person or their manner) unwilling or unable to believe something: Vincent was incredulous when he heard he had own the first prize. (Oxford)
► adjective
a. (of an object or material) able to resume its normal shape spontaneously after being stretched or compressed: a tourniquet of rubber tubing or other elastic material is placed around the upper arm
b. able to encompass much variety and change; flexible and adaptable:the definition of nationality is elastic in this cosmopolitan country
c. Economics (of demand or supply) sensitive to changes in price or income: the labour supply is very elastic
d. Physics (of a collision) involving no decrease of kinetic energy. (Oxford)
61. incredulous 不相信、懷疑
► adjective
(of a person or their manner) unwilling or unable to believe something: Vincent was incredulous when he heard he had own the first prize. (Oxford)
62. Superabundant =
63. excessive =
64. inordinate 過剩的、過多的
►adjective
unusually or disproportionately large: the case had taken up an inordinate amount of time
65. trivia 瑣事
►noun pl.
details, considerations, or pieces of information of little importance or value:we fill our days with meaningless trivia
66. ameliorate改善
►verbimprove; make (something bad or unsatisfactory) better: the reform did much to ameliorate living standards
67. amenable 有責任、應服從
►adjectiveopen and responsive to suggestion; easily persuaded or controlled: parents who have amenable children
68. composed =
69. collected 鎮靜、平靜的
70. sedate 沉著的、安靜的
►adjectivehaving one’s feelings and expression under control; calm: a very talented and composed young player
calm, dignified, and unhurried: in the old days, business was carried on at a rather more sedate pace
71. diligent = careful 細心的
diligent =
72. industrious =
73. sedulous勤勉的
►adjectivehaving or showing care and conscientiousness in one’s work or duties:after diligent searching, he found a parcel
diligent and hard-working: an industrious people striving to make their country prosperous
74. intelligible 明白、可理解的
►adjectiveable to be understood; comprehensible: use vocabulary that is intelligible to your audience
75. grandiloquent誇大的
►adjective boastful, pompous or extravagant in language, style, or manner, especially in a way that is intended to impress:a grandiloquent celebration of Spanish glory
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