Getting Out of Work Makes Work Harder/ 陳雅琳

This story was about a donkey avoided work which makes work harder. 

There was an old salt seller. He took heavy bag of salt to a market. He put them on his donkey. The donkey didn’t like this. One day, the donkey fell into the stream. That made some of the salt dissolved. However, now they were not heavy. This made the donkey happy. The donkey started to use this trick every day. The seller was losing a lot of salt. So, he filled a bag with cotton. He put it on the donkey. When they got to the stream, the donkey fell into it. The cotton became wet and very heavy. It was hard to carry, but the donkey had to do it anyway.

I had read the story when I was young. I though the donkey was stupid. Why did the donkey do that?

Santa’s Magic Reindeer/ 陳雅琳

Every Christmas Eve, Santa Claus flies across the night sky. He stops at the homes of good girls and boys, and he leaves them gifts. Children all over the world look forward to his visit. 

Today, Santa’s most famous reindeer is Rudolph. He comes from a story in coloring book. In the story, Santa needs help on a foggy night. He uses Rudolph’s glowing red nose to see. In fact, reindeers don’t have glowing noses and not all of them have antlers. Only female reindeers do. In the story, Santa’s reindeers have antlers. That means that they must all be female. 

This article is interesting because I learn about Santa’s thing. For example Rudolph’s glowing red nose helps Santa get across a foggy night. Female reindeers have antlers.

行出聖經的話

約翰福音14:21「有了我的命令又遵守的，這人就是愛我的；愛我的必蒙我父愛他，我也要愛他，並且要向他顯現」。我們必須以行動行出聖經的話，才能真正理解、體知上帝的話，以及隱藏在文字底下豐富的意涵，也只有透過行動，我們也才知道我們對聖經的理解是出於真實的信念又或是一種純粹智性、思想、言談之事，或甚至是戲耍。我們必須成為聖經話語的行動者，聆聽、順從上帝的話語，我們才是聖經的詮釋者。若基督徒愛上帝，必愛上帝的啟示，若愛上帝的啟示，必愛聖經，如此他必以實際行動回應上帝的愛，用生命見證他們對聖經的理解。

（柯志明，《理解的應許》145-158）

意義成為實在

耶穌基督以生命的實踐詮釋、體現舊約的預言以及應許，使得經文的意義成為實在，「意義成了一個具體的人，一個以生命實踐展現經文所言的人；在此，詮釋者即被詮釋者」（柯志明，《理解的應許》143）。

上帝的愛使我們理解

耶穌基督是聖經的核心與根基，是我們理解聖經的關鍵。透過耶穌基督，上帝徹底表明祂對我們的愛以及救贖，而這因愛而有的救贖改變了我們理解上帝的能力，「並從此聖靈內住在我們這些被救贖者中而不止息地使我們明白上帝的旨意」（柯志明，《理解的應許》139）。也就是說，上帝在耶穌基督裡具體表現的愛與因之而有的救贖使我們理解上帝成為可能，相反地，「沒有上帝對我們的愛，沒有上帝在耶穌基督裡救拔我們敗壞的生命、重生我們的本性，我們就完全沒有與祂互通的能力，也就不可能對祂有理解」（140）。

聖經的最終詮釋者：上帝

關於理解聖經，我們可以研讀、思想聖經內容，可以參考他人的觀點，援引豐富的資料，但我們人所能理解的只是屬於人的語言部分，單憑人自己，我們無法理解上帝的啟示。聖經是上帝的書，它是上帝對人的啟示，是上帝的自我揭露，因而聖經的唯一正當詮釋者乃是上帝自己（柯志明，《理解的應許》127-137）。

駁詮釋學主觀論

語言是意義的工具，更是意義的基礎，也就是說，只有在語言中才有傳達的可能性。並且，語言系統是客觀的，必然要依照文本所使用的語言規則與特性才能解讀文本的意義；「除非先行掌握語言的這些客觀要素，否則無由理解任何一個言說活動之意義」（柯志明，《理解的應許》 89）。對此，語言是理解的客觀對象，非詮釋者可以任意決定。更進一步，語言的客觀性更在於它與實在之間的實質關聯：「由於語言必然指涉實在，因而理解語言也必然要理解實在；反過來說，只有理解了實在，才可能理解語言」（89）。第三，「如果詮釋沒有定準，那麼詮釋其實就是另一種『創作』. . . 那也就無所謂被詮釋的文本」（91）。第四，倘若文本無客觀意義，那麼辯論何種詮釋較有意義或更可接受已完全無意義。第五，主觀論提供的新的理解最多只是揭露意義的新視角，只不過是文本所提呈的意義之不同面向而已，其所護衛的不過是不同於過去或既定之理解的另一種客觀理解（92）。最後，「宣稱文本無客觀意義其實是一自我否定的主張」（92），因為若沒有任何一位詮釋者能掌握文本的整體意義，無客觀論者就無法告訴我們他的宣稱是有根據的，若沒有任何一位詮釋者能徹底理解文本，就無法直接宣稱文本無客觀意義（92）。也就是說，「除非一個人確實掌握了一個文本的意義，他才能說他對那個文本所詮釋出來的意義是新的意義」（92）。

解經與人格德性分不開

「理解力始終是某個人的理解力，因而必然是某個人之整體人格的展現，因而好的理解力必定出於好的人格」（柯志明，《理解的應許》58）。理解聖經更是如此，「解經絕對與解經的人格或德性分不開，聖經肯定什麼樣的人格，那麼就只有這種人格能解釋她。上帝絕不容許祂的智慧與奧秘給任何一個祂所不認同的人格所扭曲，因而祂必定要對這些不相應的人格封閉祂的旨意。這是理所當然的。因此，想要憑藉著自身之學術能力、聰明才智、思辨能力來解經，必然無法恰當解經，因而必定會扭曲經意」（58）。

就此而言，一個有美好信仰德性的人才能夠正確理解聖經。因此，我們要單純、謙卑、敬畏上帝，我們需要承認我們沒有理解聖經的能力，除非上帝幫助我們，並且我們需要承認自己陷在罪中無可救藥，承認我們需要上帝的拯救。如此，上帝的話就向我們開啟。

聖經清楚明白

任何一個存著謙卑的心讀聖經的人，都能夠讀得懂聖經，因為聖經中最重要的啟示是以最簡單的日常語言說出來的，而不是專業術語或理論語言，因而不是只有專業人士才或是學位高的人才讀得懂聖經。

聖經清楚明白地告訴我們，人犯了罪，因此死亡臨到人，而耶穌是救主，他為擔當我們的罪被釘死在十字架上，第三天復活，他是全人類的主，他也要審判全人類，凡信主的都能夠得新生命。這是聖經裡所啟示的最關鍵的真理，也是一個簡單易懂的定則。

「就此而言，人沒有讀不懂聖經的藉口，因而人沒有不明白上帝心意──尤其上帝的道德誡命──的藉口。我相信這些正是普世審判的前提，我們每個人都必須服在聖經的責備與審判之下」（柯志明，《理解的應許》57）。

My Family, My Parents

My Friends

The Happy Prince

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he Happy Prince | Fairy Tales | Musical | PINKFONG Story Time for Children

Othello/ Shakespeare

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PAX/ 陳雅琳

PAX 

This novel is about the relationship between a fox and humans. The fox, Pax, lost his family. Peter, the boy, saved them. After that, Pax and Peter became best friends. Then, a big war came. Peter’s father was mad about it. He decided that he must join it and fight. So, Peter’s father, Peter, and Pax drove to the woods. There, Peter threw Pax’s favorite toy as hard as he can. When Pax chased it, Peter and his father drove away. That night, Peter felt upset about leaving Pax behind. Pax also wanted to find Peter. Along the way, he met other foxes. They didn't understand humans and they thought that humans coudn't control their anger. Anger is a human problem. If we don’t control it, it gives us bad relationships. Peter learned this from a woman named Vola. She taught him how to control his anger. That made him a better person and a better friend. This novel wants us to think about our relationships. We should try to understand one another better.

Tatoka/ 陳雅琳

Tatoka 

This article about Discovery Kid shows Tales of Tatonka. There are four wolf cubs in the forests of North America. They learn lessons about nature with the help of their friend. They work together and sometimes have help from other animals, too. The forest can be dangerous for the wolves because many animals there are their enemies. In one episode, all of the salmon are missing from the river. Wanji and Cinksi try to find out why. They walk into the dangerous territory of the renegade wolves. Their bear cub friend Poum save them from trouble. Later, the wolf cubs save their young friend Mosse after an avalanche.

When I read this article, I search Tales of Tatonka from youtube. I think all of animals are cute. If I have free time, I can watch it.

Wonder/ 陳雅琳

Auggie is not a regular child. He has a medical condition. His ears are small and his eyes point down. Because of this, Auggie doesn’t go to school. His mother teaches him all of his lesson at home.

This is going to change. Auggie is staring the fifth grade at Beecher Prep. On first day, the school director, Mr. Tushman, welcomes him. He introduces Auggie to three other kids: Jack, Julian, and Charlotte.

Soon, Auggie meets classmate, Summer. Auggie has lunch with Summer together every day. Although Auggie doesn’t have many friends, he can count on Summer and Jack.

In the Kitchen

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PhotoL http://www.housebeautiful.com/room-decorating/kitchens/g623/beautiful-designer-kitchens/

Say It Politely

Say It Politely: 
Conversation 

Photo: http://cattailchronicles.com/2013/05/20/mary-wrightly-so-politely/

Final Examination

1061 Final Examination

3-minute Video 

Theme: My Parents, My Family, My Best Friend, My Religion 

Deadline: 12 P. M., January 13, 2018  

Hamlet

1061英美文學作品導讀 期末考： 

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